Avaliação de ruídos em aerogeradores situados no complexo eólico Serra Azul - Ba

Abstract

The state of Bahia holds one of the largest wind potential in Brazil, with a multitude of wind farms installed in its territory. The quickly increase of manufacturing, implementation and operation of wind turbines was important to ensure greater participation in the national scenario of electric power generation, increasing safety and strengthening of the energy sector, promoting economic and social growth of the country. The wind power it is an alternative and sustainable source of energy, compared to traditional ones, although the production of electric energy from the force of the winds can generate undesirable environmental impacts that can happen from the production chain of the wind turbines to the ecosystems around the windfarms. Environmental impacts are diverse, however when it is restricted to the populations that living near the windfarms, some issues become more evident, such as visual impact, noise, electromagnetic interference, visual corona, strobe effect. The present study aims to evaluate the wind turbine noises in the Serra Azul-BA windfarm, from data collections performed at the site with pre-defined distances between the wind turbine and the receiver using an International Energy Agency (IEA) noise estimation method. With the collected data is possible to compare the noise with the values provided by manufacturer of the wind turbines and the main standards in the world. The results of the measurements shows that through the method of measurement of noise at source proposed by the IEA it is possible to determine satisfactorily the sound pressure level emitted by wind turbines and therefore to assist in the environmental monitoring. Can be verified differences in the noise emission between wind turbines in the park, suggesting that one of them could be deregulated, emitting noise near the upper limit specified by the manufacturer, at wind speeds below the nominal power Wind turbine. The research evaluated national and international laws and regulations on the emission and noise environmental monitoring generated by wind turbines. Nowadays the world have a great variety of concepts and each country or region have its own norms to be used to control, monitoring, measure and enforcement of laws. With the study of existing laws in the world, it was possible to propose mitigating actions, updates and creation of new standards for Brazil, since the country lacks specific norms that adequately cover the issue of noises emitted by wind turbines.